An ongoing research effort within NOAA ESRL/GSD has focused on incorporating lighting data into the RUC and Rapid Refresh analysis systems. For both systems, lightning data are converted to proxy radar reflectivity data using simple assumptions. Within the RUC, latent heating-based temperature tendency fields are then created, which are used to induce convective-scale circulations during a diabatic initialization step within the RUC model. Details of this are given below in sections 2-4. The technique is also being ported to the Gridpoint Statistical Interpolation (GSI) analysis package (developed by NCEP) that is being used for the Rapid Refresh.
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