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Daniel L. Birkenheuer authored and/or contributed to the following articles/publications.
Issues Associated with the Assimilation of Ground-based GNSS Observations into Atmospheric Models
Data assimilation is a widely used physically-based technique to combine information derived from observations with an estimate (i.e. guess or prediction) of what the environment would look like without the new information. The latter is usually referred to as “the background,” and in numerical weather prediction this is usually derived from a ...
Improvements in GOES/GOES-R water vapor calibration and validation
The calibration and validation (Cal/Val) of GOES-R moisture products will be challenging primarily for two reasons. The first is that temperature and humidity retrievals using the limited number of infrared channels on the Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) will require the use of a numerical weather prediction model to provide the first guess for p...
NASA Cold Land Processes Experiment (CLPX 2002-2003): Atmospheric Analyses Datasets
This paper describes the Local Analysis and Prediction System (LAPS) and the 20-km horizontal grid version of the Rapid Update Cycle (RUC20) atmospheric analyses datasets, which are available as part of the Cold Land Processes Field Experiment (CLPX) data archive. The LAPS dataset contains spatially and temporally continuous atmospheric and surf...
In 1989, when the first version of the Local Analysis and Prediction System (LAPS) emerged from the drawing boards, it was equipped with a gradient analysis component to utilize satellite data structure. At that time, satellite data were not well calibrated and ancillary data were used to “anchor” the data field, while satellite gradients were t...
Direct use of satellite horizontal gradients in variational analysis
The U.S. Department of Defense developed the satellite-based Global Positioning System (GPS) to provide positioning, navigation and time-transfer information anywhere on Earth with high accuracy under all weather conditions. GPS is a “dual-use” system, in that its signals are available for both military and civilian applications free of user fee...
Mesoscale moisture transport by the low-level jet during the IHOP field experiment
Previous studies of the Low-Level Jet (LLJ) over the central Great Plains of the United States have been unable to determine the role that mesoscale circulations play in the transport of moisture. To address this issue, two aircraft missions during the International H2O Experiment (IHOP) were designed to closely observe two separate well-develop...
The NESDIS Office of Research and Applications performs sensor calibration and data product validation (cal/val) for NOAA’s polar and geosynchronous operational environmental satellites, as well as for a number of non-NOAA spacecraft and instruments. This paper summarizes the scope of these efforts, describes some of the unique methods ...
EXPANDING THE VARIATIONAL METHODS IN THE LAPS MOISTURE ANALYSIS
The Local Analysis and Prediction System (LAPS) analyzes three-dimensional moisture and other state variables each hour (or less) over a high resolution relocatable domain. LAPS analyses have been used to initialize local-scale, high-resolution models such as the Colorado State University's Regional Atmospheric Modeling ...
Progress in applying GOES-derived data in local data assimilation
The effect of using digital satellite imagery in the LAPS moisture analysis
The Local Analysis and Prediction System (LAPS) analyzes three-dimensional moisture as one component of its system. This paper describes the positive impact that simple 8-bit, remapped, routinely available imagery have on the LAPS moisture analysis above 500 hPa. A variational method adjusts the LAPS moisture analysis by minimizing differences ...
P5.27A RADIANCE ASSIMILATION OF POLAR AND GEOSTATIONARY SATELLITE DATA IN LAPS
Devised scheme to correct GOES bias in GOES operational total precipitable water products
The National Environmental Satellite Data and Information Service (NESDIS) Geostationary Observational Environmental Satellite (GOES)-derived, total precipitable water (TPW) vapor product is routinely produced at NESDIS for Advanced Weather Interactive Processing System (AWIPS) users, primarily for National Weather Service (NWS) forecast offices...
Institutions Earth System Research Laboratory - ESRL National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration - NOAA
The accurate and timely depiction of the state of the atmosphere on multiple scales is critical to enhance forecaster situational awareness and to initialize very short-range numerical forecasts in support of nowcasting activities. The Local Analysis and Prediction System (LAPS) of the Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL)/Global Systems Divis...
Institution National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration - NOAA