Skip to main content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot Gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

HTTPS

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

William R. Moninger

Affiliation/Employer
CIRES
Partner Affiliation
gsl
Publon ID

Publications

Corresponding Articles: 19

William R. Moninger authored and/or contributed to the following articles/publications.

Tropospheric Airborne Meteorological Data Reporting (TAMDAR) Overview

This paper is an overview of the Tropospheric Airborne Meteorological Data Reporting (TAMDAR) project, giving some history on the project, various applications of the atmospheric data, and future ideas and plans. As part of NASA's Aviation Safety and Security Program, the TAMDAR project developed a small low-cost sensor that collects useful mete...

William R. Moninger

Applications of TAMDAR Aircraft Data Reports in NWS forecast offices

Weather data from 63 commuter aircraft were used by National Weather Service (NWS) meteorologists to make improved forecasts and warnings during an experiment called the TAMDAR Great Lakes Fleet Experiment. TAMDAR (Tropospheric Airborne Meteorological Data Report) is an instrument package and communications system designed by AirDat, LLC as part...

William R. Moninger

Aviation applications of TAMDAR aircraft data reports

Meteorological data from regional commuter aircraft were utilized by meteorologists to make improved aviation forecasts during an experiment called the TAMDAR Great Lakes Fleet Experiment. TAMDAR (Tropospheric Airborne Meteorological Data Report) is an instrument package and communications system designed by AirDat, LLC as part of NASA and FAA a...

William R. Moninger

Automated Weather Reports from Aircraft: TAMDAR and the U.S. AMDAR Fleet

AMDAR (Aircraft Meteorological Data Relay) is a worldwide program providing automated real-time reports of atmospheric conditions from commercial airliners. AMDAR data have been available, and used by weather forecasters and in weather models, for nearly two decades. For a full discussion of AMDAR, particularly its U.S. component, see Moninger e...

William R. Moninger

Assessing two different commercial aircraft-based sensing systems

Various studies over the past decade have shown that additional detailed measurements of the vertical, horizontal and temporal atmospheric moisture structure are necessary to improve forecasts of precipitation location, intensity and timing, as well as the onset and strength of severe convective storms. To meet this need, several projects have b...

William R. Moninger

The AWRP turbulence PDT

Commercial and general aviation aircraft continue to encounter unexpected turbulence that requires immediate changes to flight paths or is hazardous to the aircraft and passengers. This is due in part to the fact that current aviation-scale turbulence observations are inadequate and forecasts are not accurate enough to predict the location, time...

William R. Moninger

An evaluation of TAMDAR soundings in severe storm forecasting

Input from many sources is used in the short term prediction of severe thunderstorms. One of the more critical observations needed continues to be a vertical sounding of temperature, humidity and wind. National Weather Service (NWS) forecasters often call for special rawinsonde (hereafter, RAOB) launches at 1800 UTC on a potential severe storm d...

William R. Moninger

The TAMDAR Great Lakes Fleet Experiment

The TAMDAR (Tropospheric Airborne Meteorological Data Report) project is a joint venture between NASA, Airdat LLC, Mesaba Airlines, NOAA and the FAA. It is the result of NASA aviation safety initiatives designed to reduce weather related aircraft accidents and delays. The purpose is to design, test and manufacturer an inexpensive instrument to m...

William R. Moninger

ASSIMILATION OF SURFACE CLOUD, VISIBILITY, AND CURRENT WEATHER OBSERVATIONS IN THE RUC

William R. Moninger

TROPOSPHERIC AIRBORNE METEOROLOGICAL DATA REPORTING (TAMDAR) SENSOR DEVELOPMENT

William R. Moninger

Automated meteorological reports from commercial aircraft

The more than 170,000 observations per day, from aircraft worldwide are improving both computer-generated and human-made weather forecasts.

William R. Moninger

AN ANALYSIS OF THE TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF ACARS DATA IN SUPPORT OF THE TAMDAR PROGRAM

William R. Moninger

An Overview of Verification in Support of GSD Model Development and the Evolution of Process-Oriented Analysis Tools

Verification has been and continues to be essential to the development and operational transition of Global Science Division (GSD) models, particularly the Rapid Refresh (RAP) and the High Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR). To that end, the GSD Assimilation Development Branch (ADB) has developed and maintained a verification system over the past d...

William R. Moninger
Institution National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration - NOAA

A Verification Approach Used in Developing the Rapid Refresh and Other Numerical Weather Prediction Models

Developing and improving numerical weather prediction models such as the Rapid Refresh (RAP) and High-Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR) requires a well-designed, easy-to-use evaluation capability using observations. Owing to the very complex nonlinear interactions between the data assimilation system and the representation of various physics compo...

William R. Moninger
Institution National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration - NOAA

Comments on “A Comparison of Temperature and Wind Measurements from ACARS-Equipped Aircraft and Rawinsondes”

This comment is intended to identify an error in the label for Table 7 in Schwartz and Benjamin (1995, hereafter SB95). The label should have read “Statistics for rawinsonde − ACARS matched data…,” meaning that for this sample, rawinsondes were warmer than aircraft data by a mean value of 0.22 K for these ascent/descent aircraft observations fro...

William R. Moninger
Institution National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration - NOAA

Evaluating Operational and Experimental HRRR Model Forecasts of Atmospheric River Events in California

Improved forecasts of atmospheric river (AR) events, which provide up to half the annual precipitation in California, may reduce impacts to water supply, lives, and property. We evaluate quantitative precipitation forecasts (QPF) from the High-Resolution Rapid Refresh model version 3 (HRRRv3) and version 4 (HRRRv4) for five AR events that occurr...

William R. Moninger
Institutions Earth System Research Laboratory - ESRL National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration - NOAA

The History and Practice of AI in the Environmental Sciences

Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) have become important tools for environmental scientists and engineers, both in research and in applications. Although these methods have become quite popular in recent years, they are not new. The use of AI methods began in the 1950s and environmental scientists were adopting them by the 19...

William R. Moninger
Institution National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration - NOAA

A North American Hourly Assimilation and Model Forecast Cycle: The Rapid Refresh

The Rapid Refresh (RAP), an hourly-updated assimilation and model forecast system, replaced the Rapid Update Cycle (RUC) as an operational regional analysis and forecast system among the suite of models at the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) in 2012. The need for an effective hourly-updated assimilation and modeling sys...

William R. Moninger
Institution National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration - NOAA

Advanced Quantitative Precipitation Information: Improving Monitoring and Forecasts of Precipitation, Streamflow, and Coastal Flooding in the San Francisco Bay Area

Advanced Quantitative Precipitation Information (AQPI) is a synergistic project that combines observations and models to improve monitoring and forecasts of precipitation, streamflow, and coastal flooding in the San Francisco Bay area. As an experimental system, AQPI leverages more than a decade of research, innovation, and implementation of a s...

William R. Moninger
Institution National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration - NOAA